The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.